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"""Find modules used by a script, using introspection."""
from __future__ import generators
import dis
import imp
import marshal
import os
import sys
import types
import struct
if hasattr(sys.__stdout__, "newlines"):
READ_MODE = "U" # universal line endings
else:
# Python < 2.3 compatibility, no longer strictly required
READ_MODE = "r"
LOAD_CONST = dis.opmap['LOAD_CONST']
IMPORT_NAME = dis.opmap['IMPORT_NAME']
STORE_NAME = dis.opmap['STORE_NAME']
STORE_GLOBAL = dis.opmap['STORE_GLOBAL']
STORE_OPS = STORE_NAME, STORE_GLOBAL
HAVE_ARGUMENT = dis.HAVE_ARGUMENT
EXTENDED_ARG = dis.EXTENDED_ARG
def _unpack_opargs(code):
# enumerate() is not an option, since we sometimes process
# multiple elements on a single pass through the loop
extended_arg = 0
n = len(code)
i = 0
while i < n:
op = ord(code[i])
offset = i
i = i+1
arg = None
if op >= HAVE_ARGUMENT:
arg = ord(code[i]) + ord(code[i+1])*256 + extended_arg
extended_arg = 0
i = i+2
if op == EXTENDED_ARG:
extended_arg = arg*65536
yield (offset, op, arg)
# Modulefinder does a good job at simulating Python's, but it can not
# handle __path__ modifications packages make at runtime. Therefore there
# is a mechanism whereby you can register extra paths in this map for a
# package, and it will be honored.
# Note this is a mapping is lists of paths.
packagePathMap = {}
# A Public interface
def AddPackagePath(packagename, path):
paths = packagePathMap.get(packagename, [])
paths.append(path)
packagePathMap[packagename] = paths
replacePackageMap = {}
# This ReplacePackage mechanism allows modulefinder to work around the
# way the _xmlplus package injects itself under the name "xml" into
# sys.modules at runtime by calling ReplacePackage("_xmlplus", "xml")
# before running ModuleFinder.
def ReplacePackage(oldname, newname):
replacePackageMap[oldname] = newname
class Module:
def __init__(self, name, file=None, path=None):
self.__name__ = name
self.__file__ = file
self.__path__ = path
self.__code__ = None
# The set of global names that are assigned to in the module.
# This includes those names imported through starimports of
# Python modules.
self.globalnames = {}
# The set of starimports this module did that could not be
# resolved, ie. a starimport from a non-Python module.
self.starimports = {}
def __repr__(self):
s = "Module(%r" % (self.__name__,)
if self.__file__ is not None:
s = s + ", %r" % (self.__file__,)
if self.__path__ is not None:
s = s + ", %r" % (self.__path__,)
s = s + ")"
return s
class ModuleFinder:
def __init__(self, path=None, debug=0, excludes=[], replace_paths=[]):
if path is None:
path = sys.path
self.path = path
self.modules = {}
self.badmodules = {}
self.debug = debug
self.indent = 0
self.excludes = excludes
self.replace_paths = replace_paths
self.processed_paths = [] # Used in debugging only
def msg(self, level, str, *args):
if level <= self.debug:
for i in range(self.indent):
print " ",
print str,
for arg in args:
print repr(arg),
print
def msgin(self, *args):
level = args[0]
if level <= self.debug:
self.indent = self.indent + 1
self.msg(*args)
def msgout(self, *args):
level = args[0]
if level <= self.debug:
self.indent = self.indent - 1
self.msg(*args)
def run_script(self, pathname):
self.msg(2, "run_script", pathname)
with open(pathname, READ_MODE) as fp:
stuff = ("", "r", imp.PY_SOURCE)
self.load_module('__main__', fp, pathname, stuff)
def load_file(self, pathname):
dir, name = os.path.split(pathname)
name, ext = os.path.splitext(name)
with open(pathname, READ_MODE) as fp:
stuff = (ext, "r", imp.PY_SOURCE)
self.load_module(name, fp, pathname, stuff)
def import_hook(self, name, caller=None, fromlist=None, level=-1):
self.msg(3, "import_hook", name, caller, fromlist, level)
parent = self.determine_parent(caller, level=level)
q, tail = self.find_head_package(parent, name)
m = self.load_tail(q, tail)
if not fromlist:
return q
if m.__path__:
self.ensure_fromlist(m, fromlist)
return None
def determine_parent(self, caller, level=-1):
self.msgin(4, "determine_parent", caller, level)
if not caller or level == 0:
self.msgout(4, "determine_parent -> None")
return None
pname = caller.__name__
if level >= 1: # relative import
if caller.__path__:
level -= 1
if level == 0:
parent = self.modules[pname]
assert parent is caller
self.msgout(4, "determine_parent ->", parent)
return parent
if pname.count(".") < level:
raise ImportError, "relative importpath too deep"
pname = ".".join(pname.split(".")[:-level])
parent = self.modules[pname]
self.msgout(4, "determine_parent ->", parent)
return parent
if caller.__path__:
parent = self.modules[pname]
assert caller is parent
self.msgout(4, "determine_parent ->", parent)
return parent
if '.' in pname:
i = pname.rfind('.')
pname = pname[:i]
parent = self.modules[pname]
assert parent.__name__ == pname
self.msgout(4, "determine_parent ->", parent)
return parent
self.msgout(4, "determine_parent -> None")
return None
def find_head_package(self, parent, name):
self.msgin(4, "find_head_package", parent, name)
if '.' in name:
i = name.find('.')
head = name[:i]
tail = name[i+1:]
else:
head = name
tail = ""
if parent:
qname = "%s.%s" % (parent.__name__, head)
else:
qname = head
q = self.import_module(head, qname, parent)
if q:
self.msgout(4, "find_head_package ->", (q, tail))
return q, tail
if parent:
qname = head
parent = None
q = self.import_module(head, qname, parent)
if q:
self.msgout(4, "find_head_package ->", (q, tail))
return q, tail
self.msgout(4, "raise ImportError: No module named", qname)
raise ImportError, "No module named " + qname
def load_tail(self, q, tail):
self.msgin(4, "load_tail", q, tail)
m = q
while tail:
i = tail.find('.')
if i < 0: i = len(tail)
head, tail = tail[:i], tail[i+1:]
mname = "%s.%s" % (m.__name__, head)
m = self.import_module(head, mname, m)
if not m:
self.msgout(4, "raise ImportError: No module named", mname)
raise ImportError, "No module named " + mname
self.msgout(4, "load_tail ->", m)
return m
def ensure_fromlist(self, m, fromlist, recursive=0):
self.msg(4, "ensure_fromlist", m, fromlist, recursive)
for sub in fromlist:
if sub == "*":
if not recursive:
all = self.find_all_submodules(m)
if all:
self.ensure_fromlist(m, all, 1)
elif not hasattr(m, sub):
subname = "%s.%s" % (m.__name__, sub)
submod = self.import_module(sub, subname, m)
if not submod:
raise ImportError, "No module named " + subname
def find_all_submodules(self, m):
if not m.__path__:
return
modules = {}
# 'suffixes' used to be a list hardcoded to [".py", ".pyc", ".pyo"].
# But we must also collect Python extension modules - although
# we cannot separate normal dlls from Python extensions.
suffixes = []
for triple in imp.get_suffixes():
suffixes.append(triple[0])
for dir in m.__path__:
try:
names = os.listdir(dir)
except os.error:
self.msg(2, "can't list directory", dir)
continue
for name in names:
mod = None
for suff in suffixes:
n = len(suff)
if name[-n:] == suff:
mod = name[:-n]
break
if mod and mod != "__init__":
modules[mod] = mod
return modules.keys()
def import_module(self, partname, fqname, parent):
self.msgin(3, "import_module", partname, fqname, parent)
try:
m = self.modules[fqname]
except KeyError:
pass
else:
self.msgout(3, "import_module ->", m)
return m
if fqname in self.badmodules:
self.msgout(3, "import_module -> None")
return None
if parent and parent.__path__ is None:
self.msgout(3, "import_module -> None")
return None
try:
fp, pathname, stuff = self.find_module(partname,
parent and parent.__path__, parent)
except ImportError:
self.msgout(3, "import_module ->", None)
return None
try:
m = self.load_module(fqname, fp, pathname, stuff)
finally:
if fp: fp.close()
if parent:
setattr(parent, partname, m)
self.msgout(3, "import_module ->", m)
return m
def load_module(self, fqname, fp, pathname, file_info):
suffix, mode, type = file_info
self.msgin(2, "load_module", fqname, fp and "fp", pathname)
if type == imp.PKG_DIRECTORY:
m = self.load_package(fqname, pathname)
self.msgout(2, "load_module ->", m)
return m
if type == imp.PY_SOURCE:
co = compile(fp.read()+'\n', pathname, 'exec')
elif type == imp.PY_COMPILED:
if fp.read(4) != imp.get_magic():
self.msgout(2, "raise ImportError: Bad magic number", pathname)
raise ImportError, "Bad magic number in %s" % pathname
fp.read(4)
co = marshal.load(fp)
else:
co = None
m = self.add_module(fqname)
m.__file__ = pathname
if co:
if self.replace_paths:
co = self.replace_paths_in_code(co)
m.__code__ = co
self.scan_code(co, m)
self.msgout(2, "load_module ->", m)
return m
def _add_badmodule(self, name, caller):
if name not in self.badmodules:
self.badmodules[name] = {}
if caller:
self.badmodules[name][caller.__name__] = 1
else:
self.badmodules[name]["-"] = 1
def _safe_import_hook(self, name, caller, fromlist, level=-1):
# wrapper for self.import_hook() that won't raise ImportError
if name in self.badmodules:
self._add_badmodule(name, caller)
return
try:
self.import_hook(name, caller, level=level)
except ImportError, msg:
self.msg(2, "ImportError:", str(msg))
self._add_badmodule(name, caller)
else:
if fromlist:
for sub in fromlist:
if sub in self.badmodules:
self._add_badmodule(sub, caller)
continue
try:
self.import_hook(name, caller, [sub], level=level)
except ImportError, msg:
self.msg(2, "ImportError:", str(msg))
fullname = name + "." + sub
self._add_badmodule(fullname, caller)
def scan_opcodes(self, co,
unpack = struct.unpack):
# Scan the code, and yield 'interesting' opcode combinations
# Version for Python 2.4 and older
code = co.co_code
names = co.co_names
consts = co.co_consts
opargs = [(op, arg) for _, op, arg in _unpack_opargs(code)
if op != EXTENDED_ARG]
for i, (op, oparg) in enumerate(opargs):
if c in STORE_OPS:
yield "store", (names[oparg],)
continue
if (op == IMPORT_NAME and i >= 1
and opargs[i-1][0] == LOAD_CONST):
fromlist = consts[opargs[i-1][1]]
yield "import", (fromlist, names[oparg])
continue
def scan_opcodes_25(self, co):
# Scan the code, and yield 'interesting' opcode combinations
code = co.co_code
names = co.co_names
consts = co.co_consts
opargs = [(op, arg) for _, op, arg in _unpack_opargs(code)
if op != EXTENDED_ARG]
for i, (op, oparg) in enumerate(opargs):
if op in STORE_OPS:
yield "store", (names[oparg],)
continue
if (op == IMPORT_NAME and i >= 2
and opargs[i-1][0] == opargs[i-2][0] == LOAD_CONST):
level = consts[opargs[i-2][1]]
fromlist = consts[opargs[i-1][1]]
if level == -1: # normal import
yield "import", (fromlist, names[oparg])
elif level == 0: # absolute import
yield "absolute_import", (fromlist, names[oparg])
else: # relative import
yield "relative_import", (level, fromlist, names[oparg])
continue
def scan_code(self, co, m):
code = co.co_code
if sys.version_info >= (2, 5):
scanner = self.scan_opcodes_25
else:
scanner = self.scan_opcodes
for what, args in scanner(co):
if what == "store":
name, = args
m.globalnames[name] = 1
elif what in ("import", "absolute_import"):
fromlist, name = args
have_star = 0
if fromlist is not None:
if "*" in fromlist:
have_star = 1
fromlist = [f for f in fromlist if f != "*"]
if what == "absolute_import": level = 0
else: level = -1
self._safe_import_hook(name, m, fromlist, level=level)
if have_star:
# We've encountered an "import *". If it is a Python module,
# the code has already been parsed and we can suck out the
# global names.
mm = None
if m.__path__:
# At this point we don't know whether 'name' is a
# submodule of 'm' or a global module. Let's just try
# the full name first.
mm = self.modules.get(m.__name__ + "." + name)
if mm is None:
mm = self.modules.get(name)
if mm is not None:
m.globalnames.update(mm.globalnames)
m.starimports.update(mm.starimports)
if mm.__code__ is None:
m.starimports[name] = 1
else:
m.starimports[name] = 1
elif what == "relative_import":
level, fromlist, name = args
if name:
self._safe_import_hook(name, m, fromlist, level=level)
else:
parent = self.determine_parent(m, level=level)
self._safe_import_hook(parent.__name__, None, fromlist, level=0)
else:
# We don't expect anything else from the generator.
raise RuntimeError(what)
for c in co.co_consts:
if isinstance(c, type(co)):
self.scan_code(c, m)
def load_package(self, fqname, pathname):
self.msgin(2, "load_package", fqname, pathname)
newname = replacePackageMap.get(fqname)
if newname:
fqname = newname
m = self.add_module(fqname)
m.__file__ = pathname
m.__path__ = [pathname]
# As per comment at top of file, simulate runtime __path__ additions.
m.__path__ = m.__path__ + packagePathMap.get(fqname, [])
fp, buf, stuff = self.find_module("__init__", m.__path__)
self.load_module(fqname, fp, buf, stuff)
self.msgout(2, "load_package ->", m)
if fp:
fp.close()
return m
def add_module(self, fqname):
if fqname in self.modules:
return self.modules[fqname]
self.modules[fqname] = m = Module(fqname)
return m
def find_module(self, name, path, parent=None):
if parent is not None:
# assert path is not None
fullname = parent.__name__+'.'+name
else:
fullname = name
if fullname in self.excludes:
self.msgout(3, "find_module -> Excluded", fullname)
raise ImportError, name
if path is None:
if name in sys.builtin_module_names:
return (None, None, ("", "", imp.C_BUILTIN))
path = self.path
return imp.find_module(name, path)
def report(self):
"""Print a report to stdout, listing the found modules with their
paths, as well as modules that are missing, or seem to be missing.
"""
print
print " %-25s %s" % ("Name", "File")
print " %-25s %s" % ("----", "----")
# Print modules found
keys = self.modules.keys()
keys.sort()
for key in keys:
m = self.modules[key]
if m.__path__:
print "P",
else:
print "m",
print "%-25s" % key, m.__file__ or ""
# Print missing modules
missing, maybe = self.any_missing_maybe()
if missing:
print
print "Missing modules:"
for name in missing:
mods = self.badmodules[name].keys()
mods.sort()
print "?", name, "imported from", ', '.join(mods)
# Print modules that may be missing, but then again, maybe not...
if maybe:
print
print "Submodules that appear to be missing, but could also be",
print "global names in the parent package:"
for name in maybe:
mods = self.badmodules[name].keys()
mods.sort()
print "?", name, "imported from", ', '.join(mods)
def any_missing(self):
"""Return a list of modules that appear to be missing. Use
any_missing_maybe() if you want to know which modules are
certain to be missing, and which *may* be missing.
"""
missing, maybe = self.any_missing_maybe()
return missing + maybe
def any_missing_maybe(self):
"""Return two lists, one with modules that are certainly missing
and one with modules that *may* be missing. The latter names could
either be submodules *or* just global names in the package.
The reason it can't always be determined is that it's impossible to
tell which names are imported when "from module import *" is done
with an extension module, short of actually importing it.
"""
missing = []
maybe = []
for name in self.badmodules:
if name in self.excludes:
continue
i = name.rfind(".")
if i < 0:
missing.append(name)
continue
subname = name[i+1:]
pkgname = name[:i]
pkg = self.modules.get(pkgname)
if pkg is not None:
if pkgname in self.badmodules[name]:
# The package tried to import this module itself and
# failed. It's definitely missing.
missing.append(name)
elif subname in pkg.globalnames:
# It's a global in the package: definitely not missing.
pass
elif pkg.starimports:
# It could be missing, but the package did an "import *"
# from a non-Python module, so we simply can't be sure.
maybe.append(name)
else:
# It's not a global in the package, the package didn't
# do funny star imports, it's very likely to be missing.
# The symbol could be inserted into the package from the
# outside, but since that's not good style we simply list
# it missing.
missing.append(name)
else:
missing.append(name)
missing.sort()
maybe.sort()
return missing, maybe
def replace_paths_in_code(self, co):
new_filename = original_filename = os.path.normpath(co.co_filename)
for f, r in self.replace_paths:
if original_filename.startswith(f):
new_filename = r + original_filename[len(f):]
break
if self.debug and original_filename not in self.processed_paths:
if new_filename != original_filename:
self.msgout(2, "co_filename %r changed to %r" \
% (original_filename,new_filename,))
else:
self.msgout(2, "co_filename %r remains unchanged" \
% (original_filename,))
self.processed_paths.append(original_filename)
consts = list(co.co_consts)
for i in range(len(consts)):
if isinstance(consts[i], type(co)):
consts[i] = self.replace_paths_in_code(consts[i])
return types.CodeType(co.co_argcount, co.co_nlocals, co.co_stacksize,
co.co_flags, co.co_code, tuple(consts), co.co_names,
co.co_varnames, new_filename, co.co_name,
co.co_firstlineno, co.co_lnotab,
co.co_freevars, co.co_cellvars)
def test():
# Parse command line
import getopt
try:
opts, args = getopt.getopt(sys.argv[1:], "dmp:qx:")
except getopt.error, msg:
print msg
return
# Process options
debug = 1
domods = 0
addpath = []
exclude = []
for o, a in opts:
if o == '-d':
debug = debug + 1
if o == '-m':
domods = 1
if o == '-p':
addpath = addpath + a.split(os.pathsep)
if o == '-q':
debug = 0
if o == '-x':
exclude.append(a)
# Provide default arguments
if not args:
script = "hello.py"
else:
script = args[0]
# Set the path based on sys.path and the script directory
path = sys.path[:]
path[0] = os.path.dirname(script)
path = addpath + path
if debug > 1:
print "path:"
for item in path:
print " ", repr(item)
# Create the module finder and turn its crank
mf = ModuleFinder(path, debug, exclude)
for arg in args[1:]:
if arg == '-m':
domods = 1
continue
if domods:
if arg[-2:] == '.*':
mf.import_hook(arg[:-2], None, ["*"])
else:
mf.import_hook(arg)
else:
mf.load_file(arg)
mf.run_script(script)
mf.report()
return mf # for -i debugging
if __name__ == '__main__':
try:
mf = test()
except KeyboardInterrupt:
print "\n[interrupt]"